Negotiated Adaptation: Digitalization of Institutional Governance in Two Mid-Tier Pesantren in Serang, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37812/fikroh.v19i3.2526Keywords:
Digital Governance; Pesantren; Governance Transformation; Kiai Leadership; Institutional Identity.Abstract
Digital disruption has challenged Islamic boarding school governance at Azkiya and Hijaiyah in Serang, where technological adoption must coexist with pesantren identity. This study analyzes governance transformation in both institutions. A qualitative multisite case study was employed. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation from kiai, administrators, teachers, students, and parents selected purposively and through snowball sampling. Interactive analysis and triangulation ensured rigor. The findings identify five transformation dimensions: digital administration and student data; digital media policy; human resource capacity and digital literacy; technology integration in learning and student services; infrastructure and information systems. Leadership commitment, adaptive culture, and network support enabled change, while infrastructure limitations, competency gaps, funding constraints, resistance, and cybersecurity risks hindered it. The institutions applied adaptive-transformational leadership, gradual technology adoption, digital standard operating procedures, external collaboration, and value reinforcement. First, it specifies negotiated adaptation as the mechanism of governance change: technological integration proceeds selectively, conditioned by institutional values and constrained by infrastructural and human-resource limits, rather than following a single developmental sequence. Second, it identifies institutionalization of data governance dedicated roles, tiered access protocols, and redundancy as the condition distinguishing durable governance change from localized efficiency gain Third, it shows that policy formalization operationalizes rather than displaces kiai authority.
Downloads
References
Aat Royhatudin; Agus Hidayatullah dan Siti Inayatulloh; (2026). Digital Transformation in the Use of Artificial Intelligence Technology for Inclusive Islamic Education at MAN 2 Pandeglang. Attractive : Innovative Education Journal, 8(1), 34–56.
Ahmad Fahmi Fahruddin.et.al. (2026). The Digital Divide in Professional Learning Communities: Access to Technology and Collaborative Reflective Practices. JOTTER:Journal of Teacher Training and Educational Reseacrh, 4(1), 235–247.
Anis, A., & Fauzi Anis. (2023). Penerapan Model Kepemimpinan Situasional Menurut Hersey dan Blandhard Pada Lembaga Pendidikan. Journal on Education Volume, 06(01), 3663–3670.
Busaeri, H., & Rizal Mz, S. (2026). Kebijakan Transformasi Digital Pesantren Sebagai Inovasi Manajemen Pendidikan Islam di Era Society 5.0. Transformasi Manageria Journal of Islamic Education Management, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.47467/manageria.v6i1.13259
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2025). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (5th ed.). Sage Publications.
Destiana, E. M., Sartika, D., Puspitasari, N., & Asiyah. (2025). Management Pendidikan Abad 21, Globalisasi, Teknologi. Harmoni Pendidikan : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 2(4).
Dimingu, H., & Mogaji, I. M. (2024). The Role of Board Dynamics in Organizational Transformation: A Corporate Governance Perspective. Open Journal of Business and Management, 12(02). https://doi.org/10.4236/ojbm.2024.122063
Eckersley, P., Lakoma, K., Murphy, P., Caygill, T., & Pell, C. (2025). Accountability as a function of power relationships in public governance networks. Public Administration, 103(3). https://doi.org/10.1111/padm.13032
Fauzi, R., Pelu, I. E. A. ., & Aulia, A. H. (2025). Digitizing Information in Islamic Boarding Schools: Efforts to Enhance Transparency and Accountability in Governance. Tarbawi: Jurnal Keilmuan Manajemen Pendidikan, 11(02). https://doi.org/10.32678/tarbawi.v11i02.11423
Hanisch, M., Goldsby, C. M., Fabian, N. E., & Oehmichen, J. (2023). Digital governance: A conceptual framework and research agenda. Journal of Business Research, 162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.113777
Hidayah, S. N. (2021). Pesantren for middle-class muslims in Indonesia (between religious commodification and pious neoliberalism). Qudus International Journal of Islamic Studies, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.21043/QIJIS.V9I1.7641
Ji, H., Jiang, J., Zhang, C., Cui, X., Wang, D., Jiang, L., Yang, Y., & Zhang, C. (2025). Exploration and practice of scientific communication in national major science and technology infrastructure: Taking China’s FAST telescope as example. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 40(3). https://doi.org/10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20240327004
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (2025). Naturalistic inquiry (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Mahmudi, R., & Aimah, S. (2025). Navigating Modernity through Adaptive Leadership in Indonesian Islamic Boarding School Education. Lentera Pendidikan : Jurnal Ilmu Tarbiyah Dan Keguruan, 28(2). https://doi.org/10.24252/lp.2025v28n2i1
Mei Cindy Armaini, Juliani, Nazwa Fathiyatul Haq, Amanda Putri Handayani, & Nur Fazrah Hasibuan. (2024). Islamic Religious Education Curriculum Based on Islamic Morals: Strategic Steps for Character Education. Journal of Contemporary Islamic Primary Education, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.61253/jcipe.v3i1.307
Miftah, Z., Suharto, B., Isroani, F., & ... (2026). Digital Transformation in Islamic Boarding Schools: Negotiating Tradition, Authority, and Innovation in The Disruption Era. Jurnal Cendekia ….
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2020). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Muafiah, E., Sofiana, N. E., & Khasanah, U. (2022). PESANTREN EDUCATION IN INDONESIA: Efforts to Create Child-Friendly Pesantren. Ulumuna, 26(2). https://doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v26i2.558
Muhammad Taisir. (2024). PENDIDIKAN ISLAM BERBASIS KARAKTER POSITIF DI PESANTREN (Studi Di Pondok Pesantren Munirul Arifin NW Praya). Disertasi: Universitas Negeri Mataram.
Nento, S., & Abdullah, A. H. (2025). Integration of Local Wisdom and Digital Innovation: A Strategic Management Model for Islamic Higher Education Institutions in Developing Countries. Al-Tanzim: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 9(3).
Nikmatullah, C., Wahyudin, W., Tarihoran, N., & Fauzi, A. (2023). Digital Pesantren: Revitalization of the Islamic Education System in the Disruptive Era. Al-Izzah: Jurnal Hasil-Hasil Penelitian. https://doi.org/10.31332/ai.v0i0.5880
Nikolaeva, I. V., Struchkova, T. A., Ivanov, N. Y., & Tsynzak, M. P. (2023). DEVELOPMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE TO SUPPORT THE NATIONAL TECHNOLOGICAL INITIATIVE: THE CASE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION. European Project Management Journal, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.56889/ljnt2808
Rahim, A. (2019). Governance and Good Governance-A Conceptual Perspective. Journal of Public Administration and Governance, 9(3). https://doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v9i3.15417
Royhatudin, A., Supardi, S., & Juhji, J. (2020). Transformational Leadership Style in Implementing Madrasa Based Management. Tarbawi: Jurnal Keilmuan Manajemen Pendidikan, 6(01), 69. https://doi.org/10.32678/tarbawi.v6i01.2187
Shofwani, W., Arifudin, I., Gloria, R. Y., & Wiradinata, D. R. (2025). Transforming Educational Management in Islamic Boarding Schools: A Historical and Digital Perspective. JP (Jurnal Pendidikan) : Teori Dan Praktik, 10(2).
Sodik, M., & Sujibto, B. J. (2023). AGAINST RELIGIOUS FORMALISM The Dynamics of Young Urban Sufism in Yogyakarta. Journal of Indonesian Islam, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.15642/JIIS.2023.17.1.1-26
Syaikhu, A. (2025). Islamic Boarding School Management in the Digital Era: Integrating Tradition and Innovation in Islamic Education. FALASIFA : Jurnal Studi Keislaman, 16(02). https://doi.org/10.62097/falasifa.v16i02.2474
Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2019 Tentang Pesantren Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Tata Kelola Digital. Kementerian Agama. (2025).
Warisno, A., Anshori, A., Hidayah, N., & Dwianto, A. (2025). Transformative Islamic Education Management in Madrasah and Pesantren Integrating Tradition and Digital Innovation. Journal of Cultural Analysis and Social Change. https://doi.org/10.64753/jcasc.v10i2.1596
Wawan Shofwani, Dewi Shinta Nuriyah, Moh. Ali, & Dewi Cahyani. (2025). Manajemen Inovasi Digital melalui Aplikasi SIMAPEL: TSAQAFATUNA : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Islam, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.54213/tsaqafatuna.v7i1.613
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Enung Nurhayati enung, Encep Syarifudin, Anis Fauzi, Apud, Uyu Muawanah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
